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\data\alt\turcet
 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*bo":nface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 stupid, foolish 2 to go madface="Times New Roman Star"1 ãëóïûé 2 ñõîäèòü ñ óìà
face="Times New Roman Star"mu"n- 2 (IM)face="Times New Roman Star"bo"n 1, 2





face="Times New Roman Star"mo":n 1 (cf. also mu":n 'timidity')


















face="Times New Roman Star"ÎÑÍß 3, 53, 55. In ÝÑÒß 7 and VEWT 343-344 confused with other similar roots: *bu"n 'defect', *bun- 'madness' (q. v. sub *mu\ne, *mu/nu).
face="Times New Roman Star"*jy:nface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"skin, bodyface="Times New Roman Star"êîæà, òåëîface="Times New Roman Star"jyn (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jyn (MK)












face="Times New Roman Star"si:n












face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 203, EDT 941, Ëåêñèêà 266-267.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jydruk / *judrukface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"fistface="Times New Roman Star"êóëàêface="Times New Roman Star"jydruq (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jud|ruq (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"jodryq


face="Times New Roman Star"uzruq
face="Times New Roman Star"judruq (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"nuzuruxface="Times New Roman Star"nuzruqface="Times New Roman Star"d/udruq

face="Times New Roman Star"suturuq
face="Times New Roman Star"c?uduruq
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|uduruqface="Times New Roman Star"z?udyryq
face="Times New Roman Star"jod|roq

face="Times New Roman Star"juduruq, juduruxface="Times New Roman Star"z?udyryq

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 892, Äûáî 182-183, ÝÑÒß 4, 248-249, Ëåêñèêà 253. Turk. > Kalm. z?|udr-x@ 'mit der Faust die Haut abziehen, die Haut und das Fleisch zwa"ngen und so abha"uten' (KW 115). Many modern languages reflect (such as Turkm. jumruq etc.) reflect secondary forms *jumruk or *jumduruk - an obvious result of contamination with *jum- 'round'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.l/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to walk, trot, ambleface="Times New Roman Star"õîäèòü, áðåñòè, åõàòü èíîõîäüþface="Times New Roman Star"es?- (Orkh.)face="Times New Roman Star"es?- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"es?-face="Times New Roman Star"a"s?t- (dial.)







face="Times New Roman Star"es?- (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"is?-face="Times New Roman Star"is-face="Times New Roman Star"is-






face="Times New Roman Star"ies?-



face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 255, ÝÑÒß 1, 316, Stachowski 129.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kumlakface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"hopface="Times New Roman Star"õìåëü
face="Times New Roman Star"qumlaq (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"qolmaq, dial. qomlaq, qomalaq





face="Times New Roman Star"xumnaxface="Times New Roman Star"qymnaqface="Times New Roman Star"qumdaq, qumanaq
face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|mla



face="Times New Roman Star"qulmaqface="Times New Roman Star"qulmaqface="Times New Roman Star"qylmaq


face="Times New Roman Star"qumlaq, qumlax


face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 299, EDT 628, ÝÑÒß 6, 138-139. Turk. > Hung. komlo/, see Gombocz 1912.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jom (?/*jon|)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 turf 2 weedface="Times New Roman Star"1 òîðô 2 ñîðíÿê











face="Times New Roman Star"jon| 1
face="Times New Roman Star"s/om 2













face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 206, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 135. Cf. also *jom-suk, *jom-sul 'weed, moss' (ÝÑÒß 4, 231, with a variety of dialectal reflexes: Tur. josun, jomsuk, Chag. josun, Kum. jansaw etc.). Turk. > Hung. gyom 'weed', see MNyTESz 1, 1132.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u"c?u"k- (?)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"beautiful, handsomeface="Times New Roman Star"êðàñèâûé, ìèëûé














face="Times New Roman Star"u"c?u"gejface="Times New Roman Star"u"c?u"gej











face="Times New Roman Star"Stachowski 248. Despite VEWT 518, hardly < Mong. o"c?u"ken 'small' (which has quite a different origin, see *n|o:/jc?u.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:n(u)-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to threatenface="Times New Roman Star"óãðîæàòüface="Times New Roman Star"jan- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jan- (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"jana-, dial. janu-
face="Times New Roman Star"jan-face="Times New Roman Star"z?|onu-
face="Times New Roman Star"jany- (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"ja:n-z?|a- 'to reproach'




face="Times New Roman Star"sa:n-





face="Times New Roman Star"jana-face="Times New Roman Star"z?an-, z?an|-, z?|any-, zany-face="Times New Roman Star"ja:n-



face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 184, EDT 942, ÝÑÒß 4, 114, Ëåêñèêà 564. Turk. > WMong. z?|anu-, Kalm. zan- (KW 466). The Turkm. form is related to *jenc?- 'crush' in ÝÑÒß 185; the latter has also a variant *janc?-, and the Turkm. form may in fact reflect a contamination of these two roots.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"n|-ed-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to tune (an instrument) 2 to recuperate 3 to remedyface="Times New Roman Star"1 íàñòðàèâàòü (èíñòðóìåíò) 2 âûçäîðàâëèâàòü 3 ëå÷èòüface="Times New Roman Star"o"n|ed- 2, o"n|edtu"r- (caus.) 3 (OUygh.)












face="Times New Roman Star"(Anatri) @ner- 1



face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|de- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|de- 2




face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|de- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 179, 182, Åãîðîâ 64, Ìóäðàê 135. Ôåäîòîâ 1, 153 compares the Chuv. form with OT on|ar- 'to correct', which is phonetically worse.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ol/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"a k. of plantface="Times New Roman Star"âèä ðàñòåíèÿ









face="Times New Roman Star"ozyj 'âîë÷üå ëûêî'face="Times New Roman Star"ozyj 'âîë÷üå ëûêî' (Kond.), yzy '÷åðíîòàë' (Mras.)

face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|ld@w|ren 'nettle'














face="Times New Roman Star"*Kusykface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"nutface="Times New Roman Star"îðåõ
face="Times New Roman Star"qusyq 'pine kernel' (ML)







face="Times New Roman Star"xuzux
face="Times New Roman Star"qusuq



face="Times New Roman Star"qu'suqface="Times New Roman Star"quzuq









face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 667, TMN 3, 475, ÝÑÒß 6, 23-24.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ugu-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"tinderface="Times New Roman Star"òðóò













face="Times New Roman Star"úw|vúw|













face="Times New Roman Star"Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 147.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sep-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to equip, fit out, add 2 addition; dowryface="Times New Roman Star"1 ïðèáàâëÿòü, ñíàðÿæàòü 2 äîáàâêà, ïðèäàíîåface="Times New Roman Star"sep- 1(OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"sep 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"sep 2face="Times New Roman Star"sip 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sep 2face="Times New Roman Star"sa"p 2

face="Times New Roman Star"sep-li `with a dowry'

face="Times New Roman Star"sep 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sap-la- 'to compensate'face="Times New Roman Star"ep- 1, ebi: 'more, additionally'face="Times New Roman Star"ebi: 'more, additionally'

face="Times New Roman Star"sep 2face="Times New Roman Star"sep 2face="Times New Roman Star"sep 2


face="Times New Roman Star"sep 2

face="Times New Roman Star"sep 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 783, 784, VEWT 410, Stachowski 43. Turk. > WMong. seb, see KW 320.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sEbru"kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"sturgeonface="Times New Roman Star"ñåâðþãà


face="Times New Roman Star"so"jro"k




face="Times New Roman Star"su"jrik










face="Times New Roman Star"su"jrik





face="Times New Roman Star"su"jru"kface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 438, TMN 3, 291, Ëåêñèêà 178, ÝÑÒß 7. Cf. also Chuv. s?@v@r súmsa lit. 'sharp nose' (a contamination). Turk. > Hung. so?reg, see MNyTESz 3, 581.
face="Times New Roman Star"*siakaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"knuckleboneface="Times New Roman Star"áàáêà, êîñòî÷êà

face="Times New Roman Star"saka (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"sag|a
face="Times New Roman Star"so|qaface="Times New Roman Star"saqa

face="Times New Roman Star"saqa (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"sog|a (dial.)


face="Times New Roman Star"s?uk 'æîõ'

face="Times New Roman Star"saGa
face="Times New Roman Star"saqaface="Times New Roman Star"saqaface="Times New Roman Star"saqaface="Times New Roman Star"haqa, hag|a


face="Times New Roman Star"saqa
face="Times New Roman Star"saqaface="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 7, TMN 3, 254, Àøì. XVII, 214, Äûáî 1993. Turk. > WMong. saqa, Kalm. sax@ (KW 308).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bAn/akface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"dungface="Times New Roman Star"íàâîçface="Times New Roman Star"majaq (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"majaq, bajnaq (MK, Oghuz XI c.)



face="Times New Roman Star"majaq









face="Times New Roman Star"myjaqface="Times New Roman Star"myjaq









face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 322, 336, EDT 350.
face="Times New Roman Star"*su"mface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"darkness, shadowface="Times New Roman Star"òåìíîòà, òåíü













face="Times New Roman Star"s@w|m













face="Times New Roman Star"An isolated Chuvash form.
face="Times New Roman Star"*seb-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"frecklesface="Times New Roman Star"âåñíóøêè, ñûïü

face="Times New Roman Star"sivilface="Times New Roman Star"sipki>l
face="Times New Roman Star"sepku"l (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"sa"pka", sa"pku"; sa"pgu"n (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"sa"pgiface="Times New Roman Star"sepgil (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"sikpe



face="Times New Roman Star"ebir
face="Times New Roman Star"sekpil
face="Times New Roman Star"sepkilface="Times New Roman Star"sekpil
face="Times New Roman Star"hipki>lface="Times New Roman Star"sepkil

face="Times New Roman Star"sepkil
face="Times New Roman Star"sepkilface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 411, KW 327, ÝÑÒß 7. Turk. > Hung. szeplo?, see Gombocz 1912.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sAn|ak / -atface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 gills 2 place on neck where the jaw ends 3 beard, barb (of axe)face="Times New Roman Star"1 æàáðû 2 ìåñòî íà øåå, ãäå çàêàí÷èâàåòñÿ ÷åëþñòü 3 áîðîäêà (òîïîðà)


face="Times New Roman Star"san|aq 1, (dial.) 3







face="Times New Roman Star"san|at, san|yt 2



face="Times New Roman Star"sa:t 2


face="Times New Roman Star"san|g|aq 1face="Times New Roman Star"han|aq (dial.) 3





face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 7, Ëåêñèêà 222. There is some confusion between this root and *sakak q. v. sub *s?ek`a.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tata-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to become angry 2 irascibleface="Times New Roman Star"1 îñòåðâåíåòü 2 âñïûëü÷èâûé, ðàçäðàæèòåëüíûé














face="Times New Roman Star"tatyas 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tady-la- 'to nicker, guffaw'
face="Times New Roman Star"tatar- 1








face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 467. Cf. Khalkha tataj 'an interjection of hate, loathe', perhaps originally < Turkic; the Mong. form = Khak., Oyr., Yak., Kirgh. tataj, Tuva dadaj.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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