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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*bo":n face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 stupid, foolish 2 to go mad face="Times New Roman Star"1 ãëóïûé 2 ñõîäèòü ñ óìà face="Times New Roman Star"mu"n- 2 (IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"bo"n 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"mo":n 1 (cf. also mu":n 'timidity') face="Times New Roman Star"ÎÑÍß 3, 53, 55. In ÝÑÒß 7 and VEWT 343-344 confused with other similar roots: *bu"n 'defect', *bun- 'madness' (q. v. sub *mu\ne , *mu/nu ).
face="Times New Roman Star"*jy:n face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"skin, body face="Times New Roman Star"êîæà, òåëî face="Times New Roman Star"jyn (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jyn (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"si:n face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 203, EDT 941, Ëåêñèêà 266-267.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jydruk / *judruk face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"fist face="Times New Roman Star"êóëàê face="Times New Roman Star"jydruq (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jud|ruq (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jodryq face="Times New Roman Star"uzruq face="Times New Roman Star"judruq (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"nuzurux face="Times New Roman Star"nuzruq face="Times New Roman Star"d/udruq face="Times New Roman Star"suturuq face="Times New Roman Star"c?uduruq face="Times New Roman Star"z?|uduruq face="Times New Roman Star"z?udyryq face="Times New Roman Star"jod|roq face="Times New Roman Star"juduruq, judurux face="Times New Roman Star"z?udyryq face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 892, Äûáî 182-183, ÝÑÒß 4, 248-249, Ëåêñèêà 253. Turk. > Kalm. z?|udr-x@ 'mit der Faust die Haut abziehen, die Haut und das Fleisch zwa"ngen und so abha"uten' (KW 115). Many modern languages reflect (such as Turkm. jumruq etc.) reflect secondary forms *jumruk or *jumduruk - an obvious result of contamination with *jum- 'round'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e.l/- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to walk, trot, amble face="Times New Roman Star"õîäèòü, áðåñòè, åõàòü èíîõîäüþ face="Times New Roman Star"es?- (Orkh.) face="Times New Roman Star"es?- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"es?- face="Times New Roman Star"a"s?t- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"es?- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"is?- face="Times New Roman Star"is- face="Times New Roman Star"is- face="Times New Roman Star"ies?- face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 255, ÝÑÒß 1, 316, Stachowski 129.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kumlak face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"hop face="Times New Roman Star"õìåëü face="Times New Roman Star"qumlaq (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"qolmaq, dial. qomlaq, qomalaq face="Times New Roman Star"xumnax face="Times New Roman Star"qymnaq face="Times New Roman Star"qumdaq, qumanaq face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|mla face="Times New Roman Star"qulmaq face="Times New Roman Star"qulmaq face="Times New Roman Star"qylmaq face="Times New Roman Star"qumlaq, qumlax face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 299, EDT 628, ÝÑÒß 6, 138-139. Turk. > Hung. komlo/, see Gombocz 1912 .
face="Times New Roman Star"*jom (?/*jon|) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 turf 2 weed face="Times New Roman Star"1 òîðô 2 ñîðíÿê face="Times New Roman Star"jon| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"s/om 2 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 206, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 135. Cf. also *jom-suk, *jom-sul 'weed, moss' (ÝÑÒß 4, 231, with a variety of dialectal reflexes: Tur. josun, jomsuk, Chag. josun, Kum. jansaw etc.). Turk. > Hung. gyom 'weed', see MNyTESz 1, 1132.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u"c?u"k- (?) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"beautiful, handsome face="Times New Roman Star"êðàñèâûé, ìèëûé face="Times New Roman Star"u"c?u"gej face="Times New Roman Star"u"c?u"gej face="Times New Roman Star"Stachowski 248. Despite VEWT 518, hardly < Mong. o"c?u"ken 'small' (which has quite a different origin, see *n|o:/jc?u.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:n(u)- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to threaten face="Times New Roman Star"óãðîæàòü face="Times New Roman Star"jan- (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jan- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jana-, dial. janu- face="Times New Roman Star"jan- face="Times New Roman Star"z?|onu- face="Times New Roman Star"jany- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"ja:n-z?|a- 'to reproach' face="Times New Roman Star"sa:n- face="Times New Roman Star"jana- face="Times New Roman Star"z?an-, z?an|-, z?|any-, zany- face="Times New Roman Star"ja:n- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 184, EDT 942, ÝÑÒß 4, 114, Ëåêñèêà 564. Turk. > WMong. z?|anu-, Kalm. zan- (KW 466). The Turkm. form is related to *jenc?- 'crush' in ÝÑÒß 185; the latter has also a variant *janc?-, and the Turkm. form may in fact reflect a contamination of these two roots.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"n|-ed- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to tune (an instrument) 2 to recuperate 3 to remedy face="Times New Roman Star"1 íàñòðàèâàòü (èíñòðóìåíò) 2 âûçäîðàâëèâàòü 3 ëå÷èòü face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|ed- 2, o"n|edtu"r- (caus.) 3 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"(Anatri) @ner- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|de- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|de- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|de- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 179, 182, Åãîðîâ 64, Ìóäðàê 135. Ôåäîòîâ 1, 153 compares the Chuv. form with OT on|ar- 'to correct', which is phonetically worse.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ol/- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"a k. of plant face="Times New Roman Star"âèä ðàñòåíèÿ face="Times New Roman Star"ozyj 'âîë÷üå ëûêî' face="Times New Roman Star"ozyj 'âîë÷üå ëûêî' (Kond.), yzy '÷åðíîòàë' (Mras.) face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|ld@w|ren 'nettle'
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kusyk face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"nut face="Times New Roman Star"îðåõ face="Times New Roman Star"qusyq 'pine kernel' (ML) face="Times New Roman Star"xuzux face="Times New Roman Star"qusuq face="Times New Roman Star"qu'suq face="Times New Roman Star"quzuq face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 667, TMN 3, 475, ÝÑÒß 6, 23-24.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ugu- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"tinder face="Times New Roman Star"òðóò face="Times New Roman Star"úw|vúw| face="Times New Roman Star"Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 147.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sep- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to equip, fit out, add 2 addition; dowry face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïðèáàâëÿòü, ñíàðÿæàòü 2 äîáàâêà, ïðèäàíîå face="Times New Roman Star"sep- 1(OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"sep 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"sep 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sip 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sep 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sa"p 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sep-li `with a dowry' face="Times New Roman Star"sep 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sap-la- 'to compensate' face="Times New Roman Star"ep- 1, ebi: 'more, additionally' face="Times New Roman Star"ebi: 'more, additionally' face="Times New Roman Star"sep 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sep 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sep 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sep 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sep 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 783, 784, VEWT 410, Stachowski 43. Turk. > WMong. seb, see KW 320.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sEbru"k face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"sturgeon face="Times New Roman Star"ñåâðþãà face="Times New Roman Star"so"jro"k face="Times New Roman Star"su"jrik face="Times New Roman Star"su"jrik face="Times New Roman Star"su"jru"k face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 438, TMN 3, 291, Ëåêñèêà 178, ÝÑÒß 7. Cf. also Chuv. s?@v@r súmsa lit. 'sharp nose' (a contamination). Turk. > Hung. so?reg, see MNyTESz 3, 581.
face="Times New Roman Star"*siaka face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"knucklebone face="Times New Roman Star"áàáêà, êîñòî÷êà face="Times New Roman Star"saka (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"sag|a face="Times New Roman Star"so|qa face="Times New Roman Star"saqa face="Times New Roman Star"saqa (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"sog|a (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"s?uk 'æîõ' face="Times New Roman Star"saGa face="Times New Roman Star"saqa face="Times New Roman Star"saqa face="Times New Roman Star"saqa face="Times New Roman Star"haqa, hag|a face="Times New Roman Star"saqa face="Times New Roman Star"saqa face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 7, TMN 3, 254, Àøì. XVII, 214, Äûáî 1993. Turk. > WMong. saqa, Kalm. sax@ (KW 308).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bAn/ak face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"dung face="Times New Roman Star"íàâîç face="Times New Roman Star"majaq (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"majaq, bajnaq (MK , Oghuz XI c.) face="Times New Roman Star"majaq face="Times New Roman Star"myjaq face="Times New Roman Star"myj aq face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 322, 336, EDT 350.
face="Times New Roman Star"*su"m face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"darkness, shadow face="Times New Roman Star"òåìíîòà, òåíü face="Times New Roman Star"s@w|m face="Times New Roman Star"An isolated Chuvash form.
face="Times New Roman Star"*seb- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"freckles face="Times New Roman Star"âåñíóøêè, ñûïü face="Times New Roman Star"sivil face="Times New Roman Star"sipki>l face="Times New Roman Star"sepku"l (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"sa"pka", sa"pku"; sa"pgu"n (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"sa"pgi face="Times New Roman Star"sepgil (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"sikpe face="Times New Roman Star"ebir face="Times New Roman Star"sekpil face="Times New Roman Star"sepkil face="Times New Roman Star"sekpil face="Times New Roman Star"hipki>l face="Times New Roman Star"sepkil face="Times New Roman Star"sepkil face="Times New Roman Star"sepkil face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 411, KW 327, ÝÑÒß 7. Turk. > Hung. szeplo?, see Gombocz 1912 .
face="Times New Roman Star"*sAn|ak / -at face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 gills 2 place on neck where the jaw ends 3 beard, barb (of axe) face="Times New Roman Star"1 æàáðû 2 ìåñòî íà øåå, ãäå çàêàí÷èâàåòñÿ ÷åëþñòü 3 áîðîäêà (òîïîðà) face="Times New Roman Star"san|aq 1, (dial.) 3 face="Times New Roman Star"san|at, san|yt 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sa: t 2 face="Times New Roman Star"san|g|aq 1 face="Times New Roman Star"han|aq (dial.) 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 7, Ëåêñèêà 222. There is some confusion between this root and *sakak q. v. sub *s?ek`a .
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tata- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to become angry 2 irascible face="Times New Roman Star"1 îñòåðâåíåòü 2 âñïûëü÷èâûé, ðàçäðàæèòåëüíûé face="Times New Roman Star"tatyas 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tady-la- 'to nicker, guffaw' face="Times New Roman Star"tatar- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 467. Cf. Khalkha tataj 'an interjection of hate, loathe', perhaps originally < Turkic; the Mong. form = Khak., Oyr., Yak., Kirgh. tataj, Tuva dadaj.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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